Nobel Prize winners in Chemistry : Year 2008

All Three Share the Nobel Prize for Chemistry 2008

Osamu Shimomura (born August 27, 1928) is a Japanese organic chemist and marine biologist, and Professor Emeritus at Marine Biological Laboratory (MBL) in Woods Hole, Massachusetts and Boston University Medical School. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2008 for the discovery and development of green fluorescent protein (GFP) with two American scientists.


Martin Chalfie (born January 15, 1947) is an American scientist. He is the William R. Kenan, Jr. Professor of Biological Sciences at Columbia University, where he is also chair of the department of biological sciences.He shared the 2008 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with two other scientists for the discovery and development of the green fluorescent protein, GFP"

Roger Yonchien Tsien ( born February 1, 1952) is an American biochemist and a professor at the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego. He was awarded the 2008 Nobel Prize in chemistry "for his discovery and development of the green fluorescent protein (GFP) with two other chemists.

Website details: For more information of these Nobel Laureates, visit(Autobiograpy,Award Speech,Videos etc): http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/2008/


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Nobel Prize winners in Physics : Year 2008

Physics


All three share the Nobel Prize for Physics 2008

Yoichiro Nambu , ( born January 18, 1921) is a Japanese-born American physicist, currently a professor at the University of Chicago. Known for his contributions to the field of theoretical physics, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2008 for the discovery of the mechanism of spontaneous broken symmetry in subatomic physics.

Toshihide Maskawa (born February 7, 1940 in Nagoya, Japan) is a Japanese theoretical physicist known for his work on CP-violation who was awarded one quarter of the 2008 Nobel Prize in Physics "for the discovery of the origin of the broken symmetry which predicts the existence of at least three families of quarks in nature

Makoto Kobayashi (born April 7, 1944 in Nagoya, Japan) is a Japanese physicist known for his work on CP-violation who was awarded one quarter of the 2008 Nobel Prize in Physics "for the discovery of the origin of the broken symmetry which predicts the existence of at least three families of quarks in nature.


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Nobel Prize winners in Science(Physics, Chemistry and Medicine) : Year 1902

Physics

Hendrik Antoon Lorentz (18 July 1853 – 4 February 1928)

A Dutch physicist who shared the 1902 Nobel Prize in Physics with Pieter Zeeman for the discovery and theoretical explanation of the Zeeman Effect. He also derived the transformation equations subsequently used by Albert Einstein to describe space and time.

Pieter Zeeman ( (25 May 1865 – 9 October 1943)

A Dutch physicist who shared the 1902 Nobel Prize in Physics with Hendrik Lorentz for his discovery of the Zeeman Effect.


Chemistry

Hermann Emil Fischer (9 October 1852 - 15 July 1919)

A German chemist and recipient of the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1902. He is known for inventing the Fischer esterification.

Medicine or Physciology

Sir Ronald Ross KCB (13 May 1857 – 16 September 1932)

A Scottish physician born in Almora, India. He was the eldest son of General Sir Campbell Claye Grant Ross of the Indian Army. Ross studied malaria between 1881 and 1899. He worked on malaria in Calcutta at the Presidency General Hospital where he was ably assisted by Kishori Mohan Bandyopadhyay, a Bengali Indian scientist. In 1902 he was awarded noble prize for his work on Malaria disease.



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Nobel Prize winners in Science (Physics, Chemistry and Medicine) :Year 2009

Physics:2009

Charles Kuen (Born 4 November 1933) who is widely regarded as the "Father of Fiber Optic Communications", was awarded half of the 2009 Nobel Prize in Physics for "groundbreaking achievements concerning the transmission of light in fibers for optical communication".

Willard Sterling Boyle (born August 19, 1924)is a Canadian physicist and co-inventor of the charge-coupled device.
AND
George Elwood Smith (born May 10, 1930) is an American scientist, applied physicist, and co-inventor of the charge-coupled device.

On October 6, they were awarded a one-quarter share each in the 2009 Nobel Prize in Physics for "the invention of an imaging semiconductor circuit—the CCD sensor".


Chemistry: 2009

Venkatraman "Venki" Ramakrishnan (born 1952 in Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India) is a structural biologist at the MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Cambridge, England.

Thomas Arthur Steitz (born August 23, 1940) is a Sterling Professor of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA

Ada E. Yonath (born 1939) is an Israeli crystallographer best known for her pioneering work on the structure of the ribosome. She is the current director of the Helen and Milton A. Kimmelman Center for Biomolecular Structure and Assembly of the Weizmann Institute of Science. She become the first Israeli woman to win the Nobel Prize out of nine Israeli Nobel laureates, and the first woman in 45 years to win the Nobel Prize for Chemistry.

Venkatraman Ramakrishnan,Thomas Arthur Steitz and Ada E. Yonath were together awarded the 2009 Nobel Prize in Chemistry "for studies of the structure and function of the ribosome".


Physiology/Medicine:2009

Elizabeth Helen Blackburn, (born November 26, 1948) is an Australian born biological researcher at the University of California, San Francisco.

Carolyn Widney "Carol" Greider (born April 15, 1961) is a molecular biologist at the Johns Hopkins University, USA

Jack William Szostak (born November 9, 1952) is a biologist and Professor of Genetics at Harvard Medical School and Alexander Rich Distinguished Investigator at Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston.

All three share the 2009 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine for “the discovery of how chromosomes are protected by telomeres”. Apart from this achievement Elizabeth Blackburn Co-discovered telomerase enzyme (responsible for replicating telomere) with Carolyn Widney who worked under her in 1984.

related posts : http://indiproff.blogspot.com/2009/11/nobel-prize-winners-in-sciencephysics.html


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Nobel Prize winners in Science(Physics, Chemistry and Medicine) : Year 1901

Physics
Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen (27 March 1845 – 10 February 1923)

A German physicist, who,produced and detected electromagnetic radiation in a wavelength range today known as x-rays or Röntgen rays, an achievement that earned him the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901.



Chemistry
Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff (30 August 1852 – 1 March 1911)

A Dutch physical and organic chemist and the winner of the first Nobel Prize in 1901 for chemistry. His research on chemical kinetics, chemical equilibrium, osmotic pressure and stereochemistry are among his most notable achievements. Through these achievements, Van 't Hoff helped found the discipline of physical chemistry as it is known today.


Physiology or Medicine
Emil von Behring (15 March 1854 – 31 March 1917)

Behring was the discoverer of diphtheria antitoxin and attained a great reputation by that means and by his contributions to the study of immunity. He won the first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1901 for developing a serum therapy against diphtheria (this was worked on with Emile Roux) and tetanus
 
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